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g. Pure Economics and Theory
Limits of Markets and Competition From the abstract: "This paper reviews alternative (national and international) climate change mitigation policy instruments and interactions across them. Carbon taxes, cap-and-trade schemes, standards and technology-support policies (R&D and clean technology deployment) in particular are assessed according to three broad cost-effectiveness criteri ...
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Carbon trading is a complex system with a simple goal: to make it cheaper for companies and governments to meet emissions reduction targets – although, this trading is actually designed in such a way that the targets can generally be met without any real reductions taking place. Carbon trading takes two main forms: ‘cap
and trade’ and ‘off set ...
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With both the US and the EU in the process of
designing policies that will meet the recently enacted standards for the sale of biofuels, policemakers must do their best to reach a balance between protecting the environment while encouraging economic growth. This is particularly true for the world's poorest countries. This paper provides such a ...
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From the Cambridge University Press Website: "Confronting climate change is now understood as a problem of
‘decarbonising' the global economy: ending our dependence on
carbon-based fossil fuels. This book explores whether such a
transformation is underway, how it might be accelerated, and the complex
politics of this process. Given the domi ...
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"As the climate science debate
is reaching closure, the climate economics debate is heating up. The
controversial issue now is the fear that overly ambitious climate initiatives
could hurt the economy. Mainstream economists emphasizing that fear have, in
effect, replaced the climate skeptics as the intellectual enablers of ina ...
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A set of 15 brief (2 page) papers on aspects of the economic analysis of climate change policy options.
From the Introduction:
“E3 is a new network of economists who are developing and applying economic arguments for active protection of human health and the natural environment. E3 emerged from a series of conversations between economists, repre ...
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From the MIT Press Website:
"The United States, once a world leader in
addressing international environmental challenges, became a vigorous
opponent of action on climate change over the past two decades,
repudiating regulation and promoting only ineffectual voluntary actions
to meet a growing global threat. Why has the United States ...
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This paper provides an overview of key economic issues in the use of taxation as an instrument of environmental policy in the UK. It first reviews economic arguments for using taxes and other market mechanisms in environmental policy, discusses the choice of tax base, and considers the value of the revenue from environmental taxes. It is argued tha ...
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This paper uses modeling to determine which economic scenarios generate a "green paradox", in which green technology leads to increased fossil fuel use.Abstract:"The Green Paradox states that, in the absence of a tax on CO2 emissions, subsidizing a renewable backstop such as solar or wind energy brings forward the date at which fossil fuels become ...
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Research and insights taken from the field of political economy seen through the eyes of conservatives in the American Enterprise Institute. They suggest that institutions limit the extent to which efficient policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are likely to be adopted. High transaction costs among nations, as well as domestic constraints li ...
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By definition, implementation of a cap-and-trade program requires creating new markets for emission allowances. This kind of activity is vulnerable to manipulative behaviors, which, if not regulated, could impair price signals, raise costs and endanger the reputation of the program.
This paper discusses system design elements that could h ...
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From the executive summary: This discussion paper assesses selected options currently “on the table” in the international debate and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries (REDD). REDD design options are analyzed with ...
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From the Overview: "This report provides the first comprehensive comparison of public investments by the United States and four key Asian competitors (China, Japan, South Korea) in core clean energy technologies, including solar, wind, and nuclear power, carbon capture and storage, advanced vehicles and batteries, and high-speed rail."
"Core ...
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From the Abstract: "This paper examines how ambitious climate policies and subsidies to carbon capture may affect international energy prices and market shares in the power market. A detailed numerical model of the international energy markets is used. We first conclude that an ambitious climate policy alone will have substantial effects in the po ...
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From the Abstract: "This paper examines how ambitious climate policies and subsidies to carbon capture may affect international energy prices and market shares in the power market. A detailed numerical model of the international energy markets is used. We first conclude that an ambitious climate policy alone will have substantial effects in the po ...
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The key findings of this white paper should "give all risk managers pause" as well as an urgency to "find a new energy paradigm" according to Dr. Richard Ward, CEO of Lloyds, who jointed published this with Chatham House. The key findings are:
Businesses which prepare for and take advantage of the new energy reality
will prosper - failu ...
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from introductory matter:
"Carbon emissions from energy production and industrial processes are deeply entrenched in our economies. To mitigate the risk of catastrophic climate change they need to be reduced to a fraction of today’s level. The challenge for climate policy is to deliver these emissions reductions.
"Carbon prices play an ...
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From the Abstract: “Strategic market behavior by permit sellers will harm the European Union as the EU as a whole is expected to become a large net buyer of permits in a follow-up agreement to the Kyoto Protocol. In this paper we explore how the EU could benefit from making permit trade agreements with non-EU countries. These trade agreements invo ...
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From the Intro:
"The success of the current international climate change negotiations
crucially depends on how much finance is going to be made available to
support developing country climate change activities, and it is unlikely
that adequate financing will be forthcoming in the absence of an
acceptable governance framework. The over ...
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This paper discusses the "green paradox", in which emerging green technologies stimulate an increase in oil supplies.Abstract:"Fear for oil exhaustion and its consequences on economic growth has been a driver of a rich literature on exhaustible resources from the 1970s onwards. But our view on oil has remarkably changed and we now worry how we shou ...
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